platform_bionic/libc/bionic/libc_logging.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
 * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <../private/libc_logging.h> // Relative path so we can #include this .cpp file for testing.
#include <../private/ScopedPthreadMutexLocker.h>

#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

/*** Generic output sink
 ***/

struct Out {
  void *opaque;
  void (*send)(void *opaque, const char *data, int len);
};

static void out_send(Out *o, const char *data, size_t len) {
    o->send(o->opaque, data, (int)len);
}

static void
out_send_repeat(Out *o, char ch, int count)
{
    char pad[8];
    const int padSize = (int)sizeof(pad);

    memset(pad, ch, sizeof(pad));
    while (count > 0) {
        int avail = count;
        if (avail > padSize) {
            avail = padSize;
        }
        o->send(o->opaque, pad, avail);
        count -= avail;
    }
}

/* forward declaration */
static void out_vformat(Out* o, const char* format, va_list args);

/*** Bounded buffer output
 ***/

struct BufOut {
  Out out[1];
  char *buffer;
  char *pos;
  char *end;
  int total;
};

static void buf_out_send(void *opaque, const char *data, int len) {
    BufOut *bo = reinterpret_cast<BufOut*>(opaque);

    if (len < 0) {
        len = strlen(data);
    }

    bo->total += len;

    while (len > 0) {
        int avail = bo->end - bo->pos;
        if (avail == 0)
            break;
        if (avail > len)
            avail = len;
        memcpy(bo->pos, data, avail);
        bo->pos += avail;
        bo->pos[0] = '\0';
        len -= avail;
    }
}

static Out*
buf_out_init(BufOut *bo, char *buffer, size_t size)
{
    if (size == 0)
        return NULL;

    bo->out->opaque = bo;
    bo->out->send   = buf_out_send;
    bo->buffer      = buffer;
    bo->end         = buffer + size - 1;
    bo->pos         = bo->buffer;
    bo->pos[0]      = '\0';
    bo->total       = 0;

    return bo->out;
}

static int
buf_out_length(BufOut *bo)
{
    return bo->total;
}

static int
vformat_buffer(char *buff, size_t buf_size, const char *format, va_list args)
{
    BufOut bo;
    Out *out;

    out = buf_out_init(&bo, buff, buf_size);
    if (out == NULL)
        return 0;

    out_vformat(out, format, args);

    return buf_out_length(&bo);
}

int __libc_format_buffer(char* buffer, size_t buffer_size, const char* format, ...) {
  va_list args;
  va_start(args, format);
  int result = vformat_buffer(buffer, buffer_size, format, args);
  va_end(args);
  return result;
}


/*** File descriptor output
 ***/

struct FdOut {
  Out out[1];
  int fd;
  int total;
};

static void
fd_out_send(void *opaque, const char *data, int len)
{
    FdOut *fdo = reinterpret_cast<FdOut*>(opaque);

    if (len < 0)
        len = strlen(data);

    while (len > 0) {
        int ret = write(fdo->fd, data, len);
        if (ret < 0) {
            if (errno == EINTR)
                continue;
            break;
        }
        data += ret;
        len -= ret;
        fdo->total += ret;
    }
}

static Out*
fd_out_init(FdOut *fdo, int  fd)
{
    fdo->out->opaque = fdo;
    fdo->out->send = fd_out_send;
    fdo->fd = fd;
    fdo->total = 0;

    return fdo->out;
}

static int
fd_out_length(FdOut *fdo)
{
    return fdo->total;
}


int __libc_format_fd(int fd, const char* format, ...) {
  FdOut fdo;
  Out* out = fd_out_init(&fdo, fd);
  if (out == NULL) {
    return 0;
  }

  va_list args;
  va_start(args, format);
  out_vformat(out, format, args);
  va_end(args);

  return fd_out_length(&fdo);
}

/*** Log output
 ***/

#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>

static pthread_mutex_t gLogInitializationLock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

int __libc_format_log_va_list(int priority, const char* tag, const char* fmt, va_list args) {
  char buf[1024];
  int buf_strlen = vformat_buffer(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);

  static int main_log_fd = -1;
  if (main_log_fd == -1) {
    ScopedPthreadMutexLocker locker(&gLogInitializationLock);
    main_log_fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open("/dev/log/main", O_CLOEXEC | O_WRONLY));
    if (main_log_fd == -1) {
      return -1;
    }
  }

  struct iovec vec[3];
  vec[0].iov_base = &priority;
  vec[0].iov_len = 1;
  vec[1].iov_base = const_cast<char*>(tag);
  vec[1].iov_len = strlen(tag) + 1;
  vec[2].iov_base = const_cast<char*>(buf);
  vec[2].iov_len = buf_strlen + 1;

  return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(writev(main_log_fd, vec, 3));
}

int __libc_format_log(int priority, const char* tag, const char* format, ...) {
  va_list args;
  va_start(args, format);
  int result = __libc_format_log_va_list(priority, tag, format, args);
  va_end(args);
  return result;
}

/*** formatted output implementation
 ***/

/* Parse a decimal string from 'format + *ppos',
 * return the value, and writes the new position past
 * the decimal string in '*ppos' on exit.
 *
 * NOTE: Does *not* handle a sign prefix.
 */
static unsigned
parse_decimal(const char *format, int *ppos)
{
    const char* p = format + *ppos;
    unsigned result = 0;

    for (;;) {
        int ch = *p;
        unsigned d = (unsigned)(ch - '0');

        if (d >= 10U)
            break;

        result = result*10 + d;
        p++;
    }
    *ppos = p - format;
    return result;
}

// Writes number 'value' in base 'base' into buffer 'buf' of size 'buf_size' bytes.
// Assumes that buf_size > 0.
static void format_unsigned(char* buf, size_t buf_size, uint64_t value, int base, bool caps) {
  char* p = buf;
  char* end = buf + buf_size - 1;

  // Generate digit string in reverse order.
  while (value) {
    unsigned d = value % base;
    value /= base;
    if (p != end) {
      char ch;
      if (d < 10) {
        ch = '0' + d;
      } else {
        ch = (caps ? 'A' : 'a') + (d - 10);
      }
      *p++ = ch;
    }
  }

  // Special case for 0.
  if (p == buf) {
    if (p != end) {
      *p++ = '0';
    }
  }
  *p = '\0';

  // Reverse digit string in-place.
  size_t length = p - buf;
  for (size_t i = 0, j = length - 1; i < j; ++i, --j) {
    char ch = buf[i];
    buf[i] = buf[j];
    buf[j] = ch;
  }
}

static void format_integer(char* buf, size_t buf_size, uint64_t value, char conversion) {
  // Decode the conversion specifier.
  int is_signed = (conversion == 'd' || conversion == 'i' || conversion == 'o');
  int base = 10;
  if (conversion == 'x' || conversion == 'X') {
    base = 16;
  } else if (conversion == 'o') {
    base = 8;
  }
  bool caps = (conversion == 'X');

  if (is_signed && static_cast<int64_t>(value) < 0) {
    buf[0] = '-';
    buf += 1;
    buf_size -= 1;
    value = static_cast<uint64_t>(-static_cast<int64_t>(value));
  }
  format_unsigned(buf, buf_size, value, base, caps);
}

/* Perform formatted output to an output target 'o' */
static void
out_vformat(Out *o, const char *format, va_list args)
{
    int nn = 0;

    for (;;) {
        int mm;
        int padZero = 0;
        int padLeft = 0;
        char sign = '\0';
        int width = -1;
        int prec  = -1;
        size_t bytelen = sizeof(int);
        int slen;
        char buffer[32];  /* temporary buffer used to format numbers */

        char  c;

        /* first, find all characters that are not 0 or '%' */
        /* then send them to the output directly */
        mm = nn;
        do {
            c = format[mm];
            if (c == '\0' || c == '%')
                break;
            mm++;
        } while (1);

        if (mm > nn) {
            out_send(o, format+nn, mm-nn);
            nn = mm;
        }

        /* is this it ? then exit */
        if (c == '\0')
            break;

        /* nope, we are at a '%' modifier */
        nn++;  // skip it

        /* parse flags */
        for (;;) {
            c = format[nn++];
            if (c == '\0') {  /* single trailing '%' ? */
                c = '%';
                out_send(o, &c, 1);
                return;
            }
            else if (c == '0') {
                padZero = 1;
                continue;
            }
            else if (c == '-') {
                padLeft = 1;
                continue;
            }
            else if (c == ' ' || c == '+') {
                sign = c;
                continue;
            }
            break;
        }

        /* parse field width */
        if ((c >= '0' && c <= '9')) {
            nn --;
            width = (int)parse_decimal(format, &nn);
            c = format[nn++];
        }

        /* parse precision */
        if (c == '.') {
            prec = (int)parse_decimal(format, &nn);
            c = format[nn++];
        }

        /* length modifier */
        switch (c) {
        case 'h':
            bytelen = sizeof(short);
            if (format[nn] == 'h') {
                bytelen = sizeof(char);
                nn += 1;
            }
            c = format[nn++];
            break;
        case 'l':
            bytelen = sizeof(long);
            if (format[nn] == 'l') {
                bytelen = sizeof(long long);
                nn += 1;
            }
            c = format[nn++];
            break;
        case 'z':
            bytelen = sizeof(size_t);
            c = format[nn++];
            break;
        case 't':
            bytelen = sizeof(ptrdiff_t);
            c = format[nn++];
            break;
        default:
            ;
        }

        /* conversion specifier */
        const char* str = buffer;
        if (c == 's') {
            /* string */
            str = va_arg(args, const char*);
            if (str == NULL) {
                str = "(null)";
            }
        } else if (c == 'c') {
            /* character */
            /* NOTE: char is promoted to int when passed through the stack */
            buffer[0] = (char) va_arg(args, int);
            buffer[1] = '\0';
        } else if (c == 'p') {
            uint64_t  value = (uintptr_t) va_arg(args, void*);
            buffer[0] = '0';
            buffer[1] = 'x';
            format_integer(buffer + 2, sizeof(buffer) - 2, value, 'x');
        } else if (c == 'd' || c == 'i' || c == 'o' || c == 'x' || c == 'X') {
            /* integers - first read value from stack */
            uint64_t value;
            int is_signed = (c == 'd' || c == 'i' || c == 'o');

            /* NOTE: int8_t and int16_t are promoted to int when passed
             *       through the stack
             */
            switch (bytelen) {
            case 1: value = (uint8_t)  va_arg(args, int); break;
            case 2: value = (uint16_t) va_arg(args, int); break;
            case 4: value = va_arg(args, uint32_t); break;
            case 8: value = va_arg(args, uint64_t); break;
            default: return;  /* should not happen */
            }

            /* sign extension, if needed */
            if (is_signed) {
                int shift = 64 - 8*bytelen;
                value = (uint64_t)(((int64_t)(value << shift)) >> shift);
            }

            /* format the number properly into our buffer */
            format_integer(buffer, sizeof(buffer), value, c);
        } else if (c == '%') {
            buffer[0] = '%';
            buffer[1] = '\0';
        } else {
            __assert(__FILE__, __LINE__, "conversion specifier unsupported");
        }

        /* if we are here, 'str' points to the content that must be
         * outputted. handle padding and alignment now */

        slen = strlen(str);

        if (sign != '\0' || prec != -1) {
            __assert(__FILE__, __LINE__, "sign/precision unsupported");
        }

        if (slen < width && !padLeft) {
            char padChar = padZero ? '0' : ' ';
            out_send_repeat(o, padChar, width - slen);
        }

        out_send(o, str, slen);

        if (slen < width && padLeft) {
            char padChar = padZero ? '0' : ' ';
            out_send_repeat(o, padChar, width - slen);
        }
    }
}

// must be kept in sync with frameworks/base/core/java/android/util/EventLog.java
enum AndroidEventLogType {
  EVENT_TYPE_INT      = 0,
  EVENT_TYPE_LONG     = 1,
  EVENT_TYPE_STRING   = 2,
  EVENT_TYPE_LIST     = 3,
};

static int __libc_android_log_event(int32_t tag, char type, const void* payload, size_t len) {
  struct iovec vec[3];
  vec[0].iov_base = &tag;
  vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(tag);
  vec[1].iov_base = &type;
  vec[1].iov_len = sizeof(type);
  vec[2].iov_base = const_cast<void*>(payload);
  vec[2].iov_len = len;

  static int event_log_fd = -1;
  if (event_log_fd == -1) {
    ScopedPthreadMutexLocker locker(&gLogInitializationLock);
    event_log_fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open("/dev/log/events", O_CLOEXEC | O_WRONLY));
  }
  return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(writev(event_log_fd, vec, 3));
}

void __libc_android_log_event_int(int32_t tag, int value) {
  __libc_android_log_event(tag, EVENT_TYPE_INT, &value, sizeof(value));
}

void __libc_android_log_event_uid(int32_t tag) {
  __libc_android_log_event_int(tag, getuid());
}

void __fortify_chk_fail(const char *msg, uint32_t tag) {
  __libc_format_log(ANDROID_LOG_FATAL, "libc", "FORTIFY_SOURCE: %s. Calling abort().\n", msg);
  if (tag != 0) {
    __libc_android_log_event_uid(tag);
  }
  abort();
}