diff --git a/minui/graphics_adf.cpp b/minui/graphics_adf.cpp
index 9e262b04..17f30d1d 100644
--- a/minui/graphics_adf.cpp
+++ b/minui/graphics_adf.cpp
@@ -16,14 +16,10 @@
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
-#include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include <sys/cdefs.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <adf/adf.h>
 #include <sync/sync.h>
@@ -31,243 +27,212 @@
 #include "graphics.h"
 
 struct adf_surface_pdata {
-    GRSurface base;
-    int fence_fd;
-    int fd;
-    __u32 offset;
-    __u32 pitch;
+  GRSurface base;
+  int fence_fd;
+  int fd;
+  __u32 offset;
+  __u32 pitch;
 };
 
 struct adf_pdata {
-    minui_backend base;
-    int intf_fd;
-    adf_id_t eng_id;
-    __u32 format;
+  minui_backend base;
+  int intf_fd;
+  adf_id_t eng_id;
+  __u32 format;
 
-    adf_device dev;
+  adf_device dev;
 
-    unsigned int current_surface;
-    unsigned int n_surfaces;
-    adf_surface_pdata surfaces[2];
+  unsigned int current_surface;
+  unsigned int n_surfaces;
+  adf_surface_pdata surfaces[2];
 };
 
-static GRSurface* adf_flip(minui_backend *backend);
-static void adf_blank(minui_backend *backend, bool blank);
+static GRSurface* adf_flip(minui_backend* backend);
+static void adf_blank(minui_backend* backend, bool blank);
 
-static int adf_surface_init(adf_pdata *pdata, drm_mode_modeinfo *mode, adf_surface_pdata *surf) {
-    memset(surf, 0, sizeof(*surf));
+static int adf_surface_init(adf_pdata* pdata, drm_mode_modeinfo* mode, adf_surface_pdata* surf) {
+  *surf = {};
+  surf->fence_fd = -1;
+  surf->fd = adf_interface_simple_buffer_alloc(pdata->intf_fd, mode->hdisplay, mode->vdisplay,
+                                               pdata->format, &surf->offset, &surf->pitch);
+  if (surf->fd < 0) {
+    return surf->fd;
+  }
 
-    surf->fence_fd = -1;
-    surf->fd = adf_interface_simple_buffer_alloc(pdata->intf_fd, mode->hdisplay,
-            mode->vdisplay, pdata->format, &surf->offset, &surf->pitch);
-    if (surf->fd < 0)
-        return surf->fd;
+  surf->base.width = mode->hdisplay;
+  surf->base.height = mode->vdisplay;
+  surf->base.row_bytes = surf->pitch;
+  surf->base.pixel_bytes = (pdata->format == DRM_FORMAT_RGB565) ? 2 : 4;
 
-    surf->base.width = mode->hdisplay;
-    surf->base.height = mode->vdisplay;
-    surf->base.row_bytes = surf->pitch;
-    surf->base.pixel_bytes = (pdata->format == DRM_FORMAT_RGB565) ? 2 : 4;
+  surf->base.data = static_cast<uint8_t*>(mmap(nullptr, surf->pitch * surf->base.height, PROT_WRITE,
+                                               MAP_SHARED, surf->fd, surf->offset));
+  if (surf->base.data == MAP_FAILED) {
+    close(surf->fd);
+    return -errno;
+  }
 
-    surf->base.data = static_cast<uint8_t*>(mmap(NULL,
-                                                 surf->pitch * surf->base.height, PROT_WRITE,
-                                                 MAP_SHARED, surf->fd, surf->offset));
-    if (surf->base.data == MAP_FAILED) {
-        close(surf->fd);
-        return -errno;
-    }
-
-    return 0;
+  return 0;
 }
 
-static int adf_interface_init(adf_pdata *pdata)
-{
-    adf_interface_data intf_data;
-    int ret = 0;
-    int err;
+static int adf_interface_init(adf_pdata* pdata) {
+  adf_interface_data intf_data;
+  int err = adf_get_interface_data(pdata->intf_fd, &intf_data);
+  if (err < 0) return err;
 
-    err = adf_get_interface_data(pdata->intf_fd, &intf_data);
-    if (err < 0)
-        return err;
+  int ret = 0;
+  err = adf_surface_init(pdata, &intf_data.current_mode, &pdata->surfaces[0]);
+  if (err < 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "allocating surface 0 failed: %s\n", strerror(-err));
+    ret = err;
+    goto done;
+  }
 
-    err = adf_surface_init(pdata, &intf_data.current_mode, &pdata->surfaces[0]);
-    if (err < 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "allocating surface 0 failed: %s\n", strerror(-err));
-        ret = err;
-        goto done;
-    }
-
-    err = adf_surface_init(pdata, &intf_data.current_mode,
-            &pdata->surfaces[1]);
-    if (err < 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "allocating surface 1 failed: %s\n", strerror(-err));
-        memset(&pdata->surfaces[1], 0, sizeof(pdata->surfaces[1]));
-        pdata->n_surfaces = 1;
-    } else {
-        pdata->n_surfaces = 2;
-    }
+  err = adf_surface_init(pdata, &intf_data.current_mode, &pdata->surfaces[1]);
+  if (err < 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "allocating surface 1 failed: %s\n", strerror(-err));
+    pdata->surfaces[1] = {};
+    pdata->n_surfaces = 1;
+  } else {
+    pdata->n_surfaces = 2;
+  }
 
 done:
-    adf_free_interface_data(&intf_data);
-    return ret;
+  adf_free_interface_data(&intf_data);
+  return ret;
 }
 
-static int adf_device_init(adf_pdata *pdata, adf_device *dev)
-{
-    adf_id_t intf_id;
-    int intf_fd;
-    int err;
+static int adf_device_init(adf_pdata* pdata, adf_device* dev) {
+  adf_id_t intf_id;
+  int err = adf_find_simple_post_configuration(dev, &pdata->format, 1, &intf_id, &pdata->eng_id);
+  if (err < 0) return err;
 
-    err = adf_find_simple_post_configuration(dev, &pdata->format, 1, &intf_id,
-            &pdata->eng_id);
-    if (err < 0)
-        return err;
+  err = adf_device_attach(dev, pdata->eng_id, intf_id);
+  if (err < 0 && err != -EALREADY) return err;
 
-    err = adf_device_attach(dev, pdata->eng_id, intf_id);
-    if (err < 0 && err != -EALREADY)
-        return err;
+  pdata->intf_fd = adf_interface_open(dev, intf_id, O_RDWR);
+  if (pdata->intf_fd < 0) return pdata->intf_fd;
 
-    pdata->intf_fd = adf_interface_open(dev, intf_id, O_RDWR);
-    if (pdata->intf_fd < 0)
-        return pdata->intf_fd;
+  err = adf_interface_init(pdata);
+  if (err < 0) {
+    close(pdata->intf_fd);
+    pdata->intf_fd = -1;
+  }
 
-    err = adf_interface_init(pdata);
-    if (err < 0) {
-        close(pdata->intf_fd);
-        pdata->intf_fd = -1;
-    }
-
-    return err;
+  return err;
 }
 
-static GRSurface* adf_init(minui_backend *backend)
-{
-    adf_pdata *pdata = (adf_pdata *)backend;
-    adf_id_t *dev_ids = NULL;
-    ssize_t n_dev_ids, i;
-    GRSurface* ret;
+static GRSurface* adf_init(minui_backend* backend) {
+  adf_pdata* pdata = reinterpret_cast<adf_pdata*>(backend);
 
 #if defined(RECOVERY_ABGR)
-    pdata->format = DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888;
+  pdata->format = DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888;
 #elif defined(RECOVERY_BGRA)
-    pdata->format = DRM_FORMAT_BGRA8888;
+  pdata->format = DRM_FORMAT_BGRA8888;
 #elif defined(RECOVERY_RGBX)
-    pdata->format = DRM_FORMAT_RGBX8888;
+  pdata->format = DRM_FORMAT_RGBX8888;
 #else
-    pdata->format = DRM_FORMAT_RGB565;
+  pdata->format = DRM_FORMAT_RGB565;
 #endif
 
-    n_dev_ids = adf_devices(&dev_ids);
-    if (n_dev_ids == 0) {
-        return NULL;
-    } else if (n_dev_ids < 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "enumerating adf devices failed: %s\n",
-                strerror(-n_dev_ids));
-        return NULL;
+  adf_id_t* dev_ids = nullptr;
+  ssize_t n_dev_ids = adf_devices(&dev_ids);
+  if (n_dev_ids == 0) {
+    return nullptr;
+  } else if (n_dev_ids < 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "enumerating adf devices failed: %s\n", strerror(-n_dev_ids));
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  pdata->intf_fd = -1;
+
+  for (ssize_t i = 0; i < n_dev_ids && pdata->intf_fd < 0; i++) {
+    int err = adf_device_open(dev_ids[i], O_RDWR, &pdata->dev);
+    if (err < 0) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "opening adf device %u failed: %s\n", dev_ids[i], strerror(-err));
+      continue;
     }
 
-    pdata->intf_fd = -1;
+    err = adf_device_init(pdata, &pdata->dev);
+    if (err < 0) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "initializing adf device %u failed: %s\n", dev_ids[i], strerror(-err));
+      adf_device_close(&pdata->dev);
+    }
+  }
 
-    for (i = 0; i < n_dev_ids && pdata->intf_fd < 0; i++) {
+  free(dev_ids);
 
-        int err = adf_device_open(dev_ids[i], O_RDWR, &pdata->dev);
-        if (err < 0) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "opening adf device %u failed: %s\n", dev_ids[i],
-                    strerror(-err));
-            continue;
-        }
+  if (pdata->intf_fd < 0) return nullptr;
 
-        err = adf_device_init(pdata, &pdata->dev);
-        if (err < 0) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "initializing adf device %u failed: %s\n",
-                    dev_ids[i], strerror(-err));
-            adf_device_close(&pdata->dev);
-        }
+  GRSurface* ret = adf_flip(backend);
+
+  adf_blank(backend, true);
+  adf_blank(backend, false);
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+static void adf_sync(adf_surface_pdata* surf) {
+  static constexpr unsigned int warningTimeout = 3000;
+
+  if (surf == nullptr) return;
+
+  if (surf->fence_fd >= 0) {
+    int err = sync_wait(surf->fence_fd, warningTimeout);
+    if (err < 0) {
+      perror("adf sync fence wait error\n");
     }
 
-    free(dev_ids);
-
-    if (pdata->intf_fd < 0)
-        return NULL;
-
-    ret = adf_flip(backend);
-
-    adf_blank(backend, true);
-    adf_blank(backend, false);
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
-static void adf_sync(adf_surface_pdata *surf)
-{
-    unsigned int warningTimeout = 3000;
-
-    if (surf == NULL)
-        return;
-
-    if (surf->fence_fd >= 0){
-        int err = sync_wait(surf->fence_fd, warningTimeout);
-        if (err < 0)
-            perror("adf sync fence wait error\n");
-
-        close(surf->fence_fd);
-        surf->fence_fd = -1;
-    }
-}
-
-static GRSurface* adf_flip(minui_backend *backend)
-{
-    adf_pdata *pdata = (adf_pdata *)backend;
-    adf_surface_pdata *surf = &pdata->surfaces[pdata->current_surface];
-
-    int fence_fd = adf_interface_simple_post(pdata->intf_fd, pdata->eng_id,
-            surf->base.width, surf->base.height, pdata->format, surf->fd,
-            surf->offset, surf->pitch, -1);
-    if (fence_fd >= 0)
-        surf->fence_fd = fence_fd;
-
-    pdata->current_surface = (pdata->current_surface + 1) % pdata->n_surfaces;
-    adf_sync(&pdata->surfaces[pdata->current_surface]);
-    return &pdata->surfaces[pdata->current_surface].base;
-}
-
-static void adf_blank(minui_backend *backend, bool blank)
-{
-    adf_pdata *pdata = (adf_pdata *)backend;
-    adf_interface_blank(pdata->intf_fd,
-            blank ? DRM_MODE_DPMS_OFF : DRM_MODE_DPMS_ON);
-}
-
-static void adf_surface_destroy(adf_surface_pdata *surf)
-{
-    munmap(surf->base.data, surf->pitch * surf->base.height);
     close(surf->fence_fd);
-    close(surf->fd);
+    surf->fence_fd = -1;
+  }
 }
 
-static void adf_exit(minui_backend *backend)
-{
-    adf_pdata *pdata = (adf_pdata *)backend;
-    unsigned int i;
+static GRSurface* adf_flip(minui_backend* backend) {
+  adf_pdata* pdata = reinterpret_cast<adf_pdata*>(backend);
+  adf_surface_pdata* surf = &pdata->surfaces[pdata->current_surface];
 
-    adf_device_close(&pdata->dev);
-    for (i = 0; i < pdata->n_surfaces; i++)
-        adf_surface_destroy(&pdata->surfaces[i]);
-    if (pdata->intf_fd >= 0)
-        close(pdata->intf_fd);
-    free(pdata);
+  int fence_fd =
+      adf_interface_simple_post(pdata->intf_fd, pdata->eng_id, surf->base.width, surf->base.height,
+                                pdata->format, surf->fd, surf->offset, surf->pitch, -1);
+  if (fence_fd >= 0) surf->fence_fd = fence_fd;
+
+  pdata->current_surface = (pdata->current_surface + 1) % pdata->n_surfaces;
+  adf_sync(&pdata->surfaces[pdata->current_surface]);
+  return &pdata->surfaces[pdata->current_surface].base;
 }
 
-minui_backend *open_adf()
-{
-    adf_pdata* pdata = static_cast<adf_pdata*>(calloc(1, sizeof(*pdata)));
-    if (!pdata) {
-        perror("allocating adf backend failed");
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    pdata->base.init = adf_init;
-    pdata->base.flip = adf_flip;
-    pdata->base.blank = adf_blank;
-    pdata->base.exit = adf_exit;
-    return &pdata->base;
+static void adf_blank(minui_backend* backend, bool blank) {
+  adf_pdata* pdata = reinterpret_cast<adf_pdata*>(backend);
+  adf_interface_blank(pdata->intf_fd, blank ? DRM_MODE_DPMS_OFF : DRM_MODE_DPMS_ON);
+}
+
+static void adf_surface_destroy(adf_surface_pdata* surf) {
+  munmap(surf->base.data, surf->pitch * surf->base.height);
+  close(surf->fence_fd);
+  close(surf->fd);
+}
+
+static void adf_exit(minui_backend* backend) {
+  adf_pdata* pdata = reinterpret_cast<adf_pdata*>(backend);
+  adf_device_close(&pdata->dev);
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < pdata->n_surfaces; i++) {
+    adf_surface_destroy(&pdata->surfaces[i]);
+  }
+  if (pdata->intf_fd >= 0) close(pdata->intf_fd);
+  free(pdata);
+}
+
+minui_backend* open_adf() {
+  adf_pdata* pdata = static_cast<adf_pdata*>(calloc(1, sizeof(*pdata)));
+  if (!pdata) {
+    perror("allocating adf backend failed");
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  pdata->base.init = adf_init;
+  pdata->base.flip = adf_flip;
+  pdata->base.blank = adf_blank;
+  pdata->base.exit = adf_exit;
+
+  return &pdata->base;
 }