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platform_system_core/init/service.cpp
Tom Cherry 2e4c85f157 init: clean up file / socket descriptor creation 
clang-tidy hinted that some of this code wasn't right.  Looking
deeper, there is really not much related to file and socket
descriptors, except that they're published in similar ways to the
environment.  All of the abstraction into a 'Descriptor' class takes
us further away from specifying what we really mean.

This removes that abstraction, adds stricter checks and better errors
for parsing init scripts, reports sockets and files that are unable to
be acquired before exec, and updates the README.md for the passcred
option.

Test: build, logd (uses files and sockets) works
Change-Id: I59e611e95c85bdbefa779ef69b32b9dd4ee203e2
2019-07-15 12:17:30 -07:00

701 lines
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/*
* Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
#include "service.h"
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <linux/securebits.h>
#include <sched.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <android-base/file.h>
#include <android-base/logging.h>
#include <android-base/properties.h>
#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
#include <android-base/strings.h>
#include <cutils/sockets.h>
#include <processgroup/processgroup.h>
#include <selinux/selinux.h>
#include "service_list.h"
#include "util.h"
#if defined(__ANDROID__)
#include <ApexProperties.sysprop.h>
#include "mount_namespace.h"
#include "property_service.h"
#else
#include "host_init_stubs.h"
#endif
using android::base::boot_clock;
using android::base::GetProperty;
using android::base::Join;
using android::base::StartsWith;
using android::base::StringPrintf;
using android::base::WriteStringToFile;
namespace android {
namespace init {
static Result<std::string> ComputeContextFromExecutable(const std::string& service_path) {
std::string computed_context;
char* raw_con = nullptr;
char* raw_filecon = nullptr;
if (getcon(&raw_con) == -1) {
return Error() << "Could not get security context";
}
std::unique_ptr<char> mycon(raw_con);
if (getfilecon(service_path.c_str(), &raw_filecon) == -1) {
return Error() << "Could not get file context";
}
std::unique_ptr<char> filecon(raw_filecon);
char* new_con = nullptr;
int rc = security_compute_create(mycon.get(), filecon.get(),
string_to_security_class("process"), &new_con);
if (rc == 0) {
computed_context = new_con;
free(new_con);
}
if (rc == 0 && computed_context == mycon.get()) {
return Error() << "File " << service_path << "(labeled \"" << filecon.get()
<< "\") has incorrect label or no domain transition from " << mycon.get()
<< " to another SELinux domain defined. Have you configured your "
"service correctly? https://source.android.com/security/selinux/"
"device-policy#label_new_services_and_address_denials";
}
if (rc < 0) {
return Error() << "Could not get process context";
}
return computed_context;
}
static bool ExpandArgsAndExecv(const std::vector<std::string>& args, bool sigstop) {
std::vector<std::string> expanded_args;
std::vector<char*> c_strings;
expanded_args.resize(args.size());
c_strings.push_back(const_cast<char*>(args[0].data()));
for (std::size_t i = 1; i < args.size(); ++i) {
if (!expand_props(args[i], &expanded_args[i])) {
LOG(FATAL) << args[0] << ": cannot expand '" << args[i] << "'";
}
c_strings.push_back(expanded_args[i].data());
}
c_strings.push_back(nullptr);
if (sigstop) {
kill(getpid(), SIGSTOP);
}
return execv(c_strings[0], c_strings.data()) == 0;
}
static bool IsRuntimeApexReady() {
struct stat buf;
return stat("/apex/com.android.runtime/", &buf) == 0;
}
unsigned long Service::next_start_order_ = 1;
bool Service::is_exec_service_running_ = false;
Service::Service(const std::string& name, Subcontext* subcontext_for_restart_commands,
const std::vector<std::string>& args)
: Service(name, 0, 0, 0, {}, 0, "", subcontext_for_restart_commands, args) {}
Service::Service(const std::string& name, unsigned flags, uid_t uid, gid_t gid,
const std::vector<gid_t>& supp_gids, int namespace_flags,
const std::string& seclabel, Subcontext* subcontext_for_restart_commands,
const std::vector<std::string>& args)
: name_(name),
classnames_({"default"}),
flags_(flags),
pid_(0),
crash_count_(0),
proc_attr_{.ioprio_class = IoSchedClass_NONE,
.ioprio_pri = 0,
.uid = uid,
.gid = gid,
.supp_gids = supp_gids,
.priority = 0},
namespaces_{.flags = namespace_flags},
seclabel_(seclabel),
onrestart_(false, subcontext_for_restart_commands, "<Service '" + name + "' onrestart>", 0,
"onrestart", {}),
oom_score_adjust_(-1000),
start_order_(0),
args_(args) {}
void Service::NotifyStateChange(const std::string& new_state) const {
if ((flags_ & SVC_TEMPORARY) != 0) {
// Services created by 'exec' are temporary and don't have properties tracking their state.
return;
}
std::string prop_name = "init.svc." + name_;
property_set(prop_name, new_state);
if (new_state == "running") {
uint64_t start_ns = time_started_.time_since_epoch().count();
std::string boottime_property = "ro.boottime." + name_;
if (GetProperty(boottime_property, "").empty()) {
property_set(boottime_property, std::to_string(start_ns));
}
}
}
void Service::KillProcessGroup(int signal) {
// If we've already seen a successful result from killProcessGroup*(), then we have removed
// the cgroup already and calling these functions a second time will simply result in an error.
// This is true regardless of which signal was sent.
// These functions handle their own logging, so no additional logging is needed.
if (!process_cgroup_empty_) {
LOG(INFO) << "Sending signal " << signal << " to service '" << name_ << "' (pid " << pid_
<< ") process group...";
int r;
if (signal == SIGTERM) {
r = killProcessGroupOnce(proc_attr_.uid, pid_, signal);
} else {
r = killProcessGroup(proc_attr_.uid, pid_, signal);
}
if (r == 0) process_cgroup_empty_ = true;
}
}
void Service::SetProcessAttributesAndCaps() {
// Keep capabilites on uid change.
if (capabilities_ && proc_attr_.uid) {
// If Android is running in a container, some securebits might already
// be locked, so don't change those.
unsigned long securebits = prctl(PR_GET_SECUREBITS);
if (securebits == -1UL) {
PLOG(FATAL) << "prctl(PR_GET_SECUREBITS) failed for " << name_;
}
securebits |= SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS | SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS_LOCKED;
if (prctl(PR_SET_SECUREBITS, securebits) != 0) {
PLOG(FATAL) << "prctl(PR_SET_SECUREBITS) failed for " << name_;
}
}
if (auto result = SetProcessAttributes(proc_attr_); !result) {
LOG(FATAL) << "cannot set attribute for " << name_ << ": " << result.error();
}
if (!seclabel_.empty()) {
if (setexeccon(seclabel_.c_str()) < 0) {
PLOG(FATAL) << "cannot setexeccon('" << seclabel_ << "') for " << name_;
}
}
if (capabilities_) {
if (!SetCapsForExec(*capabilities_)) {
LOG(FATAL) << "cannot set capabilities for " << name_;
}
} else if (proc_attr_.uid) {
// Inheritable caps can be non-zero when running in a container.
if (!DropInheritableCaps()) {
LOG(FATAL) << "cannot drop inheritable caps for " << name_;
}
}
}
void Service::Reap(const siginfo_t& siginfo) {
if (!(flags_ & SVC_ONESHOT) || (flags_ & SVC_RESTART)) {
KillProcessGroup(SIGKILL);
}
// Remove any socket resources we may have created.
for (const auto& socket : sockets_) {
auto path = ANDROID_SOCKET_DIR "/" + socket.name;
unlink(path.c_str());
}
for (const auto& f : reap_callbacks_) {
f(siginfo);
}
if (flags_ & SVC_EXEC) UnSetExec();
if (flags_ & SVC_TEMPORARY) return;
pid_ = 0;
flags_ &= (~SVC_RUNNING);
start_order_ = 0;
// Oneshot processes go into the disabled state on exit,
// except when manually restarted.
if ((flags_ & SVC_ONESHOT) && !(flags_ & SVC_RESTART) && !(flags_ & SVC_RESET)) {
flags_ |= SVC_DISABLED;
}
// Disabled and reset processes do not get restarted automatically.
if (flags_ & (SVC_DISABLED | SVC_RESET)) {
NotifyStateChange("stopped");
return;
}
#if defined(__ANDROID__)
static bool is_apex_updatable = android::sysprop::ApexProperties::updatable().value_or(false);
#else
static bool is_apex_updatable = false;
#endif
const bool is_process_updatable = !pre_apexd_ && is_apex_updatable;
// If we crash > 4 times in 4 minutes or before boot_completed,
// reboot into bootloader or set crashing property
boot_clock::time_point now = boot_clock::now();
if (((flags_ & SVC_CRITICAL) || is_process_updatable) && !(flags_ & SVC_RESTART)) {
bool boot_completed = android::base::GetBoolProperty("sys.boot_completed", false);
if (now < time_crashed_ + 4min || !boot_completed) {
if (++crash_count_ > 4) {
if (flags_ & SVC_CRITICAL) {
// Aborts into bootloader
LOG(FATAL) << "critical process '" << name_ << "' exited 4 times "
<< (boot_completed ? "in 4 minutes" : "before boot completed");
} else {
LOG(ERROR) << "updatable process '" << name_ << "' exited 4 times "
<< (boot_completed ? "in 4 minutes" : "before boot completed");
// Notifies update_verifier and apexd
property_set("ro.init.updatable_crashing", "1");
}
}
} else {
time_crashed_ = now;
crash_count_ = 1;
}
}
flags_ &= (~SVC_RESTART);
flags_ |= SVC_RESTARTING;
// Execute all onrestart commands for this service.
onrestart_.ExecuteAllCommands();
NotifyStateChange("restarting");
return;
}
void Service::DumpState() const {
LOG(INFO) << "service " << name_;
LOG(INFO) << " class '" << Join(classnames_, " ") << "'";
LOG(INFO) << " exec " << Join(args_, " ");
for (const auto& socket : sockets_) {
LOG(INFO) << " socket " << socket.name;
}
for (const auto& file : files_) {
LOG(INFO) << " file " << file.name;
}
}
Result<void> Service::ExecStart() {
if (is_updatable() && !ServiceList::GetInstance().IsServicesUpdated()) {
// Don't delay the service for ExecStart() as the semantic is that
// the caller might depend on the side effect of the execution.
return Error() << "Cannot start an updatable service '" << name_
<< "' before configs from APEXes are all loaded";
}
flags_ |= SVC_ONESHOT;
if (auto result = Start(); !result) {
return result;
}
flags_ |= SVC_EXEC;
is_exec_service_running_ = true;
LOG(INFO) << "SVC_EXEC service '" << name_ << "' pid " << pid_ << " (uid " << proc_attr_.uid
<< " gid " << proc_attr_.gid << "+" << proc_attr_.supp_gids.size() << " context "
<< (!seclabel_.empty() ? seclabel_ : "default") << ") started; waiting...";
return {};
}
Result<void> Service::Start() {
if (is_updatable() && !ServiceList::GetInstance().IsServicesUpdated()) {
ServiceList::GetInstance().DelayService(*this);
return Error() << "Cannot start an updatable service '" << name_
<< "' before configs from APEXes are all loaded. "
<< "Queued for execution.";
}
bool disabled = (flags_ & (SVC_DISABLED | SVC_RESET));
// Starting a service removes it from the disabled or reset state and
// immediately takes it out of the restarting state if it was in there.
flags_ &= (~(SVC_DISABLED|SVC_RESTARTING|SVC_RESET|SVC_RESTART|SVC_DISABLED_START));
// Running processes require no additional work --- if they're in the
// process of exiting, we've ensured that they will immediately restart
// on exit, unless they are ONESHOT. For ONESHOT service, if it's in
// stopping status, we just set SVC_RESTART flag so it will get restarted
// in Reap().
if (flags_ & SVC_RUNNING) {
if ((flags_ & SVC_ONESHOT) && disabled) {
flags_ |= SVC_RESTART;
}
// It is not an error to try to start a service that is already running.
return {};
}
bool needs_console = (flags_ & SVC_CONSOLE);
if (needs_console) {
if (proc_attr_.console.empty()) {
proc_attr_.console = "/dev/" + GetProperty("ro.boot.console", "console");
}
// Make sure that open call succeeds to ensure a console driver is
// properly registered for the device node
int console_fd = open(proc_attr_.console.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC);
if (console_fd < 0) {
flags_ |= SVC_DISABLED;
return ErrnoError() << "Couldn't open console '" << proc_attr_.console << "'";
}
close(console_fd);
}
struct stat sb;
if (stat(args_[0].c_str(), &sb) == -1) {
flags_ |= SVC_DISABLED;
return ErrnoError() << "Cannot find '" << args_[0] << "'";
}
std::string scon;
if (!seclabel_.empty()) {
scon = seclabel_;
} else {
auto result = ComputeContextFromExecutable(args_[0]);
if (!result) {
return result.error();
}
scon = *result;
}
if (!IsRuntimeApexReady() && !pre_apexd_) {
// If this service is started before the runtime APEX gets available,
// mark it as pre-apexd one. Note that this marking is permanent. So
// for example, if the service is re-launched (e.g., due to crash),
// it is still recognized as pre-apexd... for consistency.
pre_apexd_ = true;
}
post_data_ = ServiceList::GetInstance().IsPostData();
LOG(INFO) << "starting service '" << name_ << "'...";
pid_t pid = -1;
if (namespaces_.flags) {
pid = clone(nullptr, nullptr, namespaces_.flags | SIGCHLD, nullptr);
} else {
pid = fork();
}
if (pid == 0) {
umask(077);
if (auto result = EnterNamespaces(namespaces_, name_, pre_apexd_); !result) {
LOG(FATAL) << "Service '" << name_
<< "' failed to set up namespaces: " << result.error();
}
for (const auto& [key, value] : environment_vars_) {
setenv(key.c_str(), value.c_str(), 1);
}
for (const auto& socket : sockets_) {
if (auto result = socket.CreateAndPublish(scon); !result) {
LOG(INFO) << "Could not create socket '" << socket.name << "': " << result.error();
}
}
for (const auto& file : files_) {
if (auto result = file.CreateAndPublish(); !result) {
LOG(INFO) << "Could not open file '" << file.name << "': " << result.error();
}
}
if (auto result = WritePidToFiles(&writepid_files_); !result) {
LOG(ERROR) << "failed to write pid to files: " << result.error();
}
// As requested, set our gid, supplemental gids, uid, context, and
// priority. Aborts on failure.
SetProcessAttributesAndCaps();
if (!ExpandArgsAndExecv(args_, sigstop_)) {
PLOG(ERROR) << "cannot execve('" << args_[0] << "')";
}
_exit(127);
}
if (pid < 0) {
pid_ = 0;
return ErrnoError() << "Failed to fork";
}
if (oom_score_adjust_ != -1000) {
std::string oom_str = std::to_string(oom_score_adjust_);
std::string oom_file = StringPrintf("/proc/%d/oom_score_adj", pid);
if (!WriteStringToFile(oom_str, oom_file)) {
PLOG(ERROR) << "couldn't write oom_score_adj";
}
}
time_started_ = boot_clock::now();
pid_ = pid;
flags_ |= SVC_RUNNING;
start_order_ = next_start_order_++;
process_cgroup_empty_ = false;
bool use_memcg = swappiness_ != -1 || soft_limit_in_bytes_ != -1 || limit_in_bytes_ != -1 ||
limit_percent_ != -1 || !limit_property_.empty();
errno = -createProcessGroup(proc_attr_.uid, pid_, use_memcg);
if (errno != 0) {
PLOG(ERROR) << "createProcessGroup(" << proc_attr_.uid << ", " << pid_
<< ") failed for service '" << name_ << "'";
} else if (use_memcg) {
if (swappiness_ != -1) {
if (!setProcessGroupSwappiness(proc_attr_.uid, pid_, swappiness_)) {
PLOG(ERROR) << "setProcessGroupSwappiness failed";
}
}
if (soft_limit_in_bytes_ != -1) {
if (!setProcessGroupSoftLimit(proc_attr_.uid, pid_, soft_limit_in_bytes_)) {
PLOG(ERROR) << "setProcessGroupSoftLimit failed";
}
}
size_t computed_limit_in_bytes = limit_in_bytes_;
if (limit_percent_ != -1) {
long page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
long num_pages = sysconf(_SC_PHYS_PAGES);
if (page_size > 0 && num_pages > 0) {
size_t max_mem = SIZE_MAX;
if (size_t(num_pages) < SIZE_MAX / size_t(page_size)) {
max_mem = size_t(num_pages) * size_t(page_size);
}
computed_limit_in_bytes =
std::min(computed_limit_in_bytes, max_mem / 100 * limit_percent_);
}
}
if (!limit_property_.empty()) {
// This ends up overwriting computed_limit_in_bytes but only if the
// property is defined.
computed_limit_in_bytes = android::base::GetUintProperty(
limit_property_, computed_limit_in_bytes, SIZE_MAX);
}
if (computed_limit_in_bytes != size_t(-1)) {
if (!setProcessGroupLimit(proc_attr_.uid, pid_, computed_limit_in_bytes)) {
PLOG(ERROR) << "setProcessGroupLimit failed";
}
}
}
NotifyStateChange("running");
return {};
}
Result<void> Service::StartIfNotDisabled() {
if (!(flags_ & SVC_DISABLED)) {
return Start();
} else {
flags_ |= SVC_DISABLED_START;
}
return {};
}
Result<void> Service::Enable() {
flags_ &= ~(SVC_DISABLED | SVC_RC_DISABLED);
if (flags_ & SVC_DISABLED_START) {
return Start();
}
return {};
}
void Service::Reset() {
StopOrReset(SVC_RESET);
}
void Service::ResetIfPostData() {
if (post_data_) {
if (flags_ & SVC_RUNNING) {
running_at_post_data_reset_ = true;
}
StopOrReset(SVC_RESET);
}
}
Result<void> Service::StartIfPostData() {
// Start the service, but only if it was started after /data was mounted,
// and it was still running when we reset the post-data services.
if (running_at_post_data_reset_) {
return Start();
}
return {};
}
void Service::Stop() {
StopOrReset(SVC_DISABLED);
}
void Service::Terminate() {
flags_ &= ~(SVC_RESTARTING | SVC_DISABLED_START);
flags_ |= SVC_DISABLED;
if (pid_) {
KillProcessGroup(SIGTERM);
NotifyStateChange("stopping");
}
}
void Service::Timeout() {
// All process state flags will be taken care of in Reap(), we really just want to kill the
// process here when it times out. Oneshot processes will transition to be disabled, and
// all other processes will transition to be restarting.
LOG(INFO) << "Service '" << name_ << "' expired its timeout of " << timeout_period_->count()
<< " seconds and will now be killed";
if (pid_) {
KillProcessGroup(SIGKILL);
NotifyStateChange("stopping");
}
}
void Service::Restart() {
if (flags_ & SVC_RUNNING) {
/* Stop, wait, then start the service. */
StopOrReset(SVC_RESTART);
} else if (!(flags_ & SVC_RESTARTING)) {
/* Just start the service since it's not running. */
if (auto result = Start(); !result) {
LOG(ERROR) << "Could not restart '" << name_ << "': " << result.error();
}
} /* else: Service is restarting anyways. */
}
// The how field should be either SVC_DISABLED, SVC_RESET, or SVC_RESTART.
void Service::StopOrReset(int how) {
// The service is still SVC_RUNNING until its process exits, but if it has
// already exited it shoudn't attempt a restart yet.
flags_ &= ~(SVC_RESTARTING | SVC_DISABLED_START);
if ((how != SVC_DISABLED) && (how != SVC_RESET) && (how != SVC_RESTART)) {
// An illegal flag: default to SVC_DISABLED.
how = SVC_DISABLED;
}
// If the service has not yet started, prevent it from auto-starting with its class.
if (how == SVC_RESET) {
flags_ |= (flags_ & SVC_RC_DISABLED) ? SVC_DISABLED : SVC_RESET;
} else {
flags_ |= how;
}
// Make sure it's in right status when a restart immediately follow a
// stop/reset or vice versa.
if (how == SVC_RESTART) {
flags_ &= (~(SVC_DISABLED | SVC_RESET));
} else {
flags_ &= (~SVC_RESTART);
}
if (pid_) {
KillProcessGroup(SIGKILL);
NotifyStateChange("stopping");
} else {
NotifyStateChange("stopped");
}
}
std::unique_ptr<Service> Service::MakeTemporaryOneshotService(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
// Parse the arguments: exec [SECLABEL [UID [GID]*] --] COMMAND ARGS...
// SECLABEL can be a - to denote default
std::size_t command_arg = 1;
for (std::size_t i = 1; i < args.size(); ++i) {
if (args[i] == "--") {
command_arg = i + 1;
break;
}
}
if (command_arg > 4 + NR_SVC_SUPP_GIDS) {
LOG(ERROR) << "exec called with too many supplementary group ids";
return nullptr;
}
if (command_arg >= args.size()) {
LOG(ERROR) << "exec called without command";
return nullptr;
}
std::vector<std::string> str_args(args.begin() + command_arg, args.end());
static size_t exec_count = 0;
exec_count++;
std::string name = "exec " + std::to_string(exec_count) + " (" + Join(str_args, " ") + ")";
unsigned flags = SVC_ONESHOT | SVC_TEMPORARY;
unsigned namespace_flags = 0;
std::string seclabel = "";
if (command_arg > 2 && args[1] != "-") {
seclabel = args[1];
}
Result<uid_t> uid = 0;
if (command_arg > 3) {
uid = DecodeUid(args[2]);
if (!uid) {
LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to decode UID for '" << args[2] << "': " << uid.error();
return nullptr;
}
}
Result<gid_t> gid = 0;
std::vector<gid_t> supp_gids;
if (command_arg > 4) {
gid = DecodeUid(args[3]);
if (!gid) {
LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to decode GID for '" << args[3] << "': " << gid.error();
return nullptr;
}
std::size_t nr_supp_gids = command_arg - 1 /* -- */ - 4 /* exec SECLABEL UID GID */;
for (size_t i = 0; i < nr_supp_gids; ++i) {
auto supp_gid = DecodeUid(args[4 + i]);
if (!supp_gid) {
LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to decode GID for '" << args[4 + i]
<< "': " << supp_gid.error();
return nullptr;
}
supp_gids.push_back(*supp_gid);
}
}
return std::make_unique<Service>(name, flags, *uid, *gid, supp_gids, namespace_flags, seclabel,
nullptr, str_args);
}
} // namespace init
} // namespace android
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